The Retention Toxicity of Mercury and its Neurological Implications

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MERCURY, SCIENCE AND POLITICS
January 2008
Dr. Boyd Haley Professor of Chemistry/Biochemistry University of Kentucky
VISUALIZATION OF MERCURY EMITTING FROM
• From: www. uninformed concent.com David Kennedy’s IAOMT tape
•
IN SPITE OF THE OBVIOUS EMISSION OF Hg VAPORS FROM DENTAL AMALGAM THE FDA HAS STEADFASTL Y REFUSED TO TEST THEM FOR SAFETY!
Mercury from Dental Amalgam
1. Pro-amalgam ADA spokespersons “estimate” that about 0.03 mcg mercury are emitted from a single amalgam per day. Estimate that it would take several hundred amalgams to provide a toxic exposure. 2. A new IAOMT study shows that different amalgam types emit more mercury and that a single spill (very small amalgam) emits between 4.0 to 20 mcg of mercury per day at room temperature and without abrasion of any sort. This is about 133 to 666 times more than was estimated by the ADA!
IAOMT AMALGAM STUDY PROCEDURE
• Nine dentists across the USA volunteered to make 10 cylindrical, one spill amalgams in a provided plexiglass mold. • The IAOMT provided new amalgam kits directly from the manufacturers to each dentist. • The amalgams in the molds were sent to Dr. Haley at the University of Kentucky for Hg analysis. • The amalgams were allowed to age for over one month to eliminate any surface mercury. • The amalgams were placed in 10 ml of distilled water which was changed daily. • Aliquots of this water were removed at days indicated and analyzed for mercury content.
DENTISTS BASCIANO
BRAND Valiant
DAY1 9.921 9.751 8.075
DAY4 9.677 9.262 7.288 9.620 7.922 8.685 5.829 4.762 4.704 6.904 11.878 13.421 11.238 17.484 14.602
DAY8 9.580 8.886 7.054 10.851 9.913 8.599 4.408 4.492 4.929 6.788 11.771 12.618 11.887 16.765 14.086
DAY11 9.463 8.202 7.288 10.590 9.279 8.480 4.533 4.279 4.867 5.782 12.404 11.176 12.086 19.584 18.625
DAY15 8.700 8.074 7.558 11.260 8.639 7.783 4.266 4.801 6.147 8.158 12.146 11.669 15.335 19.321 17.759
DAY18 8.873 8.014 7.311 9.070 6.809 8.270 4.473 4.505 5.798 7.740 10.693 13.439 14.712 20.716 12.389
DAY22 9.392 9.563 7.315 9.280 7.542 7.936 5.136 4.300 5.936 7.893 10.484 13.208 14.473 20.696 16.285
DAY25 9.311 10.322 6.956 9.014 8.672 8.997 4.460 4.862 5.468 8.026 10.221 13.090 15.859 19.995 15.580
ECCLES
Dispersalloy
9.966 7.322 9.206
FISCHER
Valiant
5.958 5.280 4.596
GRUBE
Valiant
6.841 12.458 13.911
MESSERMAN
Dispersalloy
11.357 17.796 15.336
DENTISTS RUBIN
BRAND Tytin
DAY1 14.207 21.055 9.407
DAY4 13.175 20.484 8.281 8.662 10.341 7.108 10.897 7.675 10.427 8.063 10.216 15.525
DAY8 12.244 19.769 8.693 8.272 9.713 6.656 12.077 8.123 10.553 7.795 10.773 14.992
DAY11 11.835 20.150 9.731 7.521 6.384 6.508 10.392 7.425 11.149 7.366 10.431 12.234
DAY15 11.639 22.512 9.556 8.043 7.030 6.899 10.738 7.499 10.463 7.994 12.250 12.797
DAY18 11.568 20.912 11.781 11.216 7.540 6.508 10.976 8.872 10.156 7.304 11.319 14.670
DAY22 14.147 18.798 9.799 9.515 7.428 6.959 12.094 8.588 10.559 9.803 12.476 14.038
DAY25 13.240 16.579 9.219 8.670 6.782 8.200 11.538 8.463 10.228 9.305 11.197 13.647
SUKEL
Tytin
9.024 10.757 7.539
WILLIAMSON
Dispersalloy
11.424 8.242 10.529
YOO
Tytin
9.098 10.949 15.925
Literature
• 0.54 µg/g Hg in feces when amalgams are present. This is 540ng/g (see next slide!) • Daily excretion in feces 60 µg of Hg Determined and Presented by Dr. David Quig of Doctor’s Data, USA
ELEVATED MERCURY IN IDIOPATHIC DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY (IDCM).
WHERE DOES THE Hg COME FROM?
LEVELS ng/g Hg Controls 8.0 IDCM 178,400
Sb 1.5 19.260
Frustaci et al., J. of American College of Cardiology, 33, (6) 1578, 1999. Controls
were patients with valvular or ischemic heart disease. ATHLETIC YOUTH DIE OF IDCM. WHY HASN’T NIH REQUESTED PROPOSALS FOR RESEARCH TO STUDY THIS?? THIS IS PROOF THAT MERCURY CAN CONCENTRATE IN SPECIFIC TISSUES OR ORGANS OF THE BODY, EVEN IF Hg BLOOD LEVELS ARE FOUND TO BE IN THE NORMAL RANGE.
?
DeRouen et al. JAMA 295, 1784-92, 2006
GIRLS BOYS
J. Woods, et al., Environmental Health Perspectives (2007) 115;10, 1527-1531.
• The previous slide shows that prolonged exposure to mercury vapor decreases the child’s ability to excrete mercury through their kidneys. Especially affects BOYS. • This is consistent with the well known toxic effects of mercury on kidneys. • This explanation is consistent with the reports by the EPA and National Academy of Sciences that 8 to10% of American women have such high Hg body levels that would render increased susceptibility to neurological damage any child they would give birth to.
Activated Matrix Metallo Proteinase (MMP) is involved in numerous inflammatory diseases. Our new research shows MMP is activated by mercury and organic mercury!
• • • • • • • • • Atrial fibrillation (AF) produces changes in atrial structure and extracellular matrix composition, which is regulated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and often occurs in the setting of congestive heart failure. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are thought to participate in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD), particularly in the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are important in many physiological processes including development, reproduction, and wound repair. Conversely, aberrant MMPs expression can be detrimental, promoting the pathologic destruction of extracellular matrix components in numerous disease states including breast and squamous cell carcinoma. The significance of circulating matrix metalloproteinases -2 and -9 (MMP-2, MMP-9), as well as their tissue inhibitors -1 and -2 (TIMP-1, TIMP-2) in ovarian cancer were studied to assess the possibility of using them in clinical decision-making. Within malignant neoplasias, high circulating TIMP-1 correlated to the aggressive phenotype and unfavorable prognosis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Increased expression of MMP-9 and TIMPs has been reported in postmortem AD and ALS brain tissue, as well as in ALS cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma. In active MS patients, both with relapsing-remitting and chronic progressive disease MMP-9 mRNA and plasma protein levels were significantly increased compared to healthy controls. Abdominal aortic aneurysms are characterized by degradation of the extracellular matrix, with a reduction in the elastin concentration of the arterial media. These changes are mediated by increased levels of endogenous metalloproteinases (MMPs) within the aorta. These data suggest that the balance of MMP-2 and MMP-9 to TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 expression is an essential factor in the aggressiveness of renal cell carcinoma. Several solid tumors display enhanced expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and recently MMP-inhibitors have entered clinical trials. The obtained results support the hypothesis that MMPs and their endogenous inhibitors participate in the invasive process of human osteosarcoma.
NUMEROUS DISEASES INCLUDING SEVERAL CANCERS AND NEUROLOGICAL ILLNESSES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THE ACTIVATION OF SPECIFIC MATRIX METALLO PROTEINASES (MMP). Hg2+ AND ETHYL-Hg BOTH ACTIVATE A COMMON FORM OF MMP.
H Hg2+ AND THIMEROSAL ACTIVATE MMP-9, AN YME THAT DIGESTS COLLAGEN AND LEADS TO
A polyacrylamide gel on which collagen and its peptides have been separated after incubation with MMP-9 with and without preincubation of the enzyme with Hg2+ , PMA or thimerosal.
Results: Digestion of collagen by MMP-9 was greatly enhanced by preincubation with Hg2+, PMA and Thimerosal. Kinetics and concentration effect studies are continuing.
1. Hagele, et al. Mercury Activates Vascular Endothelial Cell Phospholipase-D through Thiols and Oxidative Stress. Inter. J. of Toxicology (2007) 26:5769. 2.Ionescu, J. G. et al. Increased Levels of Transition Metals in Breast Cancer Tissue. Neuroendocrinology Letters (2006) 27:1, 36-39.
Hg2+ and Thimerosal activate MMP-9. This activation may be inhibited by compounds that chelate Hg2+.
Axonal Transport - A Process Essential for the Survival of Neurons
Dendrite
Axon
Membrane Bound Organelle Dynien Microtubule
Kinesin
HgEDTA Induces Aberrant [32P]8N3GTP-ßTubulin Interactions Indicative of AD
Alzheimer’s Disease Brain
Normal Brain without and with Hg2+.
EDTA Prevents Cd, Cu & Zn But Not Hg Inhibition of [32P]8N3GTP Photolabeling of Brain ß-Tubulin
SEQUENTIAL AMALGAM EXTRACTION SOLUTIONS INHIBIT THE VIABILITY OF BRAIN TUBULIN
120 100 80
% Active
60 40 20 0
tro l 0t o 1 1t o2 2t o4 4t o8 8t o1 12 2 to 2 24 4 to 4 48 8 to 7 72 2 to 96 96 to 12 0 co n
Hours of Amalgam Soak
Effect of treating neurons in culture with nanomolar levels of Hg2+. Leong et al. University of Calgary
Immunostaining for Tubulin in Neurons treated with Hg2+. Leong et al. University of Calgary.
INHIBITION OF CREATINE KINASE (CK) BY WATER EXPOSED TO AGED AMALGAM . CK IS 97% INHIBITED IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASED BRAIN.
8 4 2 1 0 0 5 10 15 20 25
Amalgam soak time. 24HR 1HR 15MIN. CONTROL
ASSAY TIME
MINUTES
RELATIVE LEVEL [32P]-CREATINE PHOSPHATE PRODUCED
Pink Disease/Acrodynia
• Affected 1 in 500 children in late 1800s until about 1940. • Cause was mercurous chloride (calomel) in teething powers. • Elimination of these mercury containing teething powders eliminated this disease. • Therefore, it is very plausible that low level exposure to mercury at an early age could cause a neurological disease. • Note: Ethylmercury is many times more toxic than mercurous chloride. Lethality is not an absolute measurement of all toxic effects.
Current Situation
• Drugs use to treat behavioral disorders (autism, ADHD) has increased dramatically (369%) in the recent past to where we now spend more on these drugs than we do on antibiotics and asthma drugs for children. • The USA now spends more on drugs to treat ADHD than it does on antibiotics and asthma drugs. • 1 of 6 children in the USA have a diagnosed neurodevelopmental problem according to the CDC. About 1 in 166 have autism. • We have a major problem! • Yet, our FDA, CDC, NIH and AMA ignore the effects of dental and medical induced exposures to mercury.
Thimerosal Is Composed of Thiosalicylic Acid And Ethyl Mercury, A Known Neurotoxicant
Water soluble Water insoluble
1. The Merck Index, 12th ed., p. 1590, #9451 (1996). 2. Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed., 804 (1993).
Organ Mercury Levels in Infants with Omophaloceles Treated with Thimerosal. Fagan et al. Archives of Disease in Childhood 52, 962-64, 1977 • Between 1969-75, 13 cases were treated, 10 died. Mercury analysis of organs ranged from 65 to 2,700 times normal levels. This appears to be from 9 to 48 topical applications of 0.1% thimerosal applications. NOTE; These children were most likely on antibiotics. Consider the effect on their immune system! • “Paradoxically, (in another study) 3 infants exposed postnatally (Iraq, Methyl-Hg by ingestion) did not exhibit signs or symptoms, though their blood levels were >1,000ppb, and one was >1,500ppb.” No antibiotics involved! Blood levels are not a measure of toxicity. • CONCLUSION IN 1977: “Organic mercurial antiseptics should be heavily restricted or withdrawn from hospital use, and the fact that mercury readily penetrates intact membranes and is highly toxic seems to have been forgotten.” Result: Merthiolate (thimerosal) was removed from the market by the FDA due to its inherent toxicity to infants.
RAPID BLOOD TO BRAIN MOVEMENT OF [203Hg]THIMEROSAL:Gasset et al. Tetratogenicities of Opthalmic Drugs. Arch.
Opthalomology 93, 52-55, 1975.
• Pregnant rabbits were injected subcutaneous with [203Hg]thimerosal. • From hour 1 post injection to hour 6 the cpm of 203Hg in the blood decreased from 100,000 to less than 25,000 cpm, or over 75%. • From hour 2 post injection to hour 6 there was increased cpm of 203Hg in the fetal brain (2 fold), liver (4 fold) and kidney (3 fold).
• Yet the IOM/CDC/AAP states that the rapid loss of mercury from thimerosal from the blood makes it unlikely to be toxic enough to cause autism. Pichichero et al. Lancet 360:1737, 2002
THE BIG MISTAKE!
• YET SOME INDIVIDUALS AT THE CDC AND FDA DECIDED IT WAS OK TO INJECT THIMEROSAL INTO A NEWBORN INFANT AT LEVELS THAT WOULD BE EPA SAFE IF THE INFANT WEIGHED 275 POUNDS! • The EPA “safe level” was based on mercury exposure from eating fish and whale meat. • Most of the heavy metal protection in humans is in the intestinal area as we evolved eating and drinking contaminated food and water. This is bypassed on injection of thimerosal or breathing mercury vapor.
•
Table 1. US Department of Education statistics on autism in children aged 6-21 served by Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
1992-1993 68 8 199 30 1,605 14 164 15 0 582 262 52 39 5 273 67 74 38 409 37 28 493 288 296 0 336 2001-2002 904 223 1,348 774 13,257 538 1,470 294 144 4,328 2,462 380 356 3,802 3,262 554 743 1,022 1,297 552 2,396 2,681 4,719 3,270 461 1,953 % Increase 1,229 2,687 577 2,480 726 3,743 796 1,860 644 840 631 813 75,940 1,095 727 904 2,589 217 1,392 8,457 444 1,538 1,005 481
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
State Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri
Thimerosal is toxic to tubulin and actin. Combinations of Hg2+ and thimerosal would be at least additive.
Observation
• Thimerosal, or ethyl-mercury, is a potent and rapid inhibitor of many enzymes necessary for human health. • Thimerosal or ethyl-mercury does not have to break down to Hg2+ to be toxic to these enzymes or structural proteins. • The inhibition of tubuline polymerization would disrupt neuronal connections and prevent the mitotic spindle formation needed for immune cell division. The latter would induce an immune system suppression.
Thimerosal in vaccines appeared to be more toxic than pure thimerosal!
MOST VACCINES CONTAIN TRACES OF THIMEROSAL EVEN IF IT IS NOT ADDED AS A PRESERVATIVE.
The vaccine thimerosal concentration was (is) 125,000 to 250,000 nanomolar!
Response of Primary Hippocampal Neurons to Thimerosal
120
100
Neuron Survival (% Initial Number)
Control 10 nM Thimerosal 50 nM Thimerosal 50 nM Thimerosal 1 µM Thimerosal
80
60
40
INCREASED NEURON DEATH
20
0
DR. MARK LOVELL’S LAB
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Time (hr) After Treatment
Hg & THIMEROSAL DISPLAY ADDITIVE TOXICITIES.
120
Neuron Survival (% Initial Number)
100
80
Control 50 nM thimerosal
60
50 nM thimerosal +10 nM HgCl2 50 nM thimerosal + 25 nM HgCl2
40
10 nM HgCl2 25 nM HgCl2
20 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Time (hr) After Treatment
RESULT
• The often used argument by pro-thimerosal advocates that the ethylmercury clears the blood to quickly to be toxic displays a lack of complete and intelligent analysis of the data. Don’t accept this argument! • Early blood mercury loss is most likely a measure of partitioning of Hg into the body and not excretion.
SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF HEAVY METALS IS QUITE COMPLEX AND CAN GREATLY ENHANCE THE TOXICTY OF MERCURY
Shubert et al. Combined Effects in Toxicology--A Rapid systematic Testing Procedure:Cadmium, Mercury & Lead. J. of Toxicology & Environmental Health 4:763, 1978.
 “the administration of an essentially no response level (LD1) of a mercury salt together with a 1/20 of the LD1 of a lead salt killed all of the animals.” 2. “Generally, a combination was synergistic when the most toxic member was present at or near its LD1 dose in the presence of a much less toxic member.”  Conclusion: Mixing borderline toxic levels of two toxic metals (Pb2+ & Hg2+) makes an extremely toxic solution.
SYNERGISTIC TOXICITIES
120 100
Neuron Survival (% Initial Number)
Al:NEOMYCIN:TESTOSTERONE EFFECTS
Control 50 nM thimerosal 500 nM Al(OH)3 1.75 µg Neomycin/ml 50 nM Thimerosal 500 nM Al(OH)3
80
60
50 NANOMOLAR THIMEROSAL
50 nM Thimerosal 1.75 µg Neomycin/ml 50 nM Thimerosal 500 nM Al(OH)3 1.75 µg Neomycin/ml
40
20
DR. MARK LOVELL
0 0
+ TESTOSTERONE
5 10 15 20 25 30
COLLABORATOR
Time (hr) After Treatment
Estradiol Reduces Cumulative Mercury and Associated Disturbances in the Hypothalamus-Pituitary Axis of Ovariectomized Rats. Oliveria et al. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Safety Jan.10, 2006 • Methyl-mercury induced a decrease in LHRH in the medial hypothalmus and a decrease in plasma levels of LH. These decreases in LHRH and LH were abolished by estrogenic replacement therapy.
• “The estrogenic effects were associated with a reduction of mercury content of the anterior pituitary gland and medial hypothalmus, suggesting a protective estrogenic effect.”
Recent Publication On Thimerosal Exposure and Neurological Disorders: Autism Effects of Thimerosal on Nerve Growth Factor Signal Transduction and Cell Death in Neuroblastoma Cells. Parran et al., Toxicological Sciences,
2005.
Data demonstrated that thimerosal could alter NGFinduced signaling at concentrations lower than those causing neuronal death. Therefore, the neurons growth and properties could be impeded at exceptionally low levels of thimerosal without killing the neurons.
•
Observations
The toxicity of Hg2+ and thimerosal are dramatically enhanced by other heavy metals, antibiotics and testosterone. It appears as if infants are much more susceptible to mercury toxicity than more mature individuals. Female hormone prevents mercury retention and damage in certain areas of the brain. Testosterone enhances thimerosal toxicity. These findings may explain why autism spectrum disorders affect boys at a higher rate than girls.
• •
•
•
to that found in axons of neurons. Therefore, since the cells of the immune system must divide for an effective immune response Hg inhibits this and actively suppresses the immune system. • Thimerosal is a very potent inhibitor of phagocytosis by mononuclear phagocytes, inhibiting the process at low 1 to 5 nanomolar levels. (Rampersad et al., Transfusion 45(3):38493,2005). This prevents removal of microbes and ethyl-Hg damaged cells and proteins leading to greater susceptibility for microbe infection and widespread autoimmune problems.
Mercury Effects on the Immune System tubulin quite similar The mitotic spindle is built on
Effects of Antibiotics, Diet and other Metals on Hg Excretion: Found in Published Literature
• Rats exposed to antibiotics were severely impaired in their ability to excrete mercury. • Rats on milk versus high protein diets were much less able to excrete mercury. • The great enhancement of synergistic toxicity with Hg and other heavy metals (e.g. lead) is well documented in the literature. We have many children with other heavy metals in their bodies. • The above confounders have rarely been considered by those who write articles supporting the safety of thimerosal or dental amalgams.
MERCURY BIRTH HAIR LEVELS VS. AMALGAM FILLINGS IN AUTISTIC AND CONTROL GROUPS
14 12 10 Hair Hg level (mcg/g) 8 6 4 2 0 Number of amalgams: Control: autistic ratio: N: 0-3 2.64 15 4-5 6.93 22 6-7 6.70 29 8-9 6.32 30 >10 17.91 43
Autistic Controls Data from A. Holmes, M. Blaxill & B. Haley, Int. J. of Toxicology v22, 2003
BIRTH-HAIR MERCURY BY SEVERITY OF AUTISM
1.4 1.2
Hair Hg level (ppm) Data from Amy Holmes, Mark Blaxill & Boyd Haley, Int. J. Tocicology v22, in press, 2003. Female Male
1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0
Mild Mean=0.71 n=27 Moderate Mean=0.46 n=43 Severe Mean=0.21 n=24
Epidemiological Studies
• A study on seven-year-old children in the Faeroe Islands found that blood pressure problems increased with decreased blood Hg. This implies retention toxicity effects of Hg in this comparison. • In the Sechylles study of >700 children, boys with higher levels of hair mercury performed better on some tests as the Boston Naming test. This implies that ability to excrete increases hair Hg levels, not exposure, in this comparison. • CONCLUSION: Blood and hair Hg levels are not a measure of exposure at low levels, but rather a measure of both exposure and ability to excrete mercury.
Observation
• Mercury from dental amalgams reaches infants in utero! • Autistic infants in utero appear to have an impaired ability to excrete mercury when compared to normal children! • New concept: Low mercury levels in the hair and blood do not imply lack of toxic mercury exposure or retention in the body!
The involvement of the 2004 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report.
• The 2004 IOM committee was funded by the CDC. • The 2004 IOM report cleared thimerosal as being involved in autism and recommended that no further research be done on this issue but to investigate other more fruitful areas like genetics. • The 2004 IOM report was based only on 5 epidemiological studies of questionable value. • The 2004 IOM report totally dismissed the basic science research on thimerosal toxicity and the resultant aberrant biochemistry possibly caused by mercury-like toxicity reported by several research scientists. • A recent congressionally requested NIH committee looked at the 2004 IOM report and gave it a very bad evaluation.
• The Verstraten studies at first showed autism rates were enhanced by thimerosal exposure. All the CDC data was lost or destroyed after it was published. Verstraten now works for a major vaccine producer in Europe. • Two studies were done by Danish (Madsen and Hviid) who worked for the Stantens Serum Institute (SSI). SSI makes thimerosal containing vaccines and sells them to other countries because they are not allowed to be used in Denmark since 1992. • One study was done in England by E. Miller. After her results were made known to the IOM the National Health Service removed thimerosal from English vaccines. • Troubling, that the opinion of the FDA is based totally on foreign, conflicted opinions. Why couldn’t the CDC find epidemiologists in the USA to do these studies??? • The Verstraten studies differed from the Danish and English study in that it did not show the dramatic protection effects of thimerosal against autism!!!!! Now also the latest Canadian study from Montreal.
Who did the Epidemiological Studies the IOM depended on??
Study1 7.62 (1999)
Autism Risks From 5 Sequential Studies by Verstraten et al. of CDC
Study2 Study3 Study4 Study5 Indicates thimerosal is causal for autism. 2.48 1.69 Conflicts with other CDC accepted studies from Europe!
Simpsonwood Meeting 1.52 (2001)
*i.e., no increased risk of autism compared to low exposure group. Also, no evident protective effect of thimerosal or the value would have been much less than 1.0. Yet the Danish studies showed that removal of thimerosal caused a 20 to 25 fold increase in autism. One of these sets of studies has to be wrong. After publication in 2005 all of the data for this work was “lost” by the CDC!!! Go to Safeminds.org to read the FOIA material on the Verstraten studies.
Evidence of Harm
1.00* (2005)
DANISH STUDY •
• • • •
In USA rate is 1/166 or 60/10,000! Outpatients added in 1995. Large Copenhagen Clinic added in1992. Autism classification changed in 1994. Thimerosal removed from vaccine.
Conclusion; exposure to a potent neurotoxin, thimerosal, prevents autism!!! Nonsense!
•
• • • •
In England, between 1970-1980, about 14.7% of children were not vaccinated as suggested. Yet a parental autism group there report (Tony Bateson), on the internet, only two cases of autism in non-vaccinated children were found in their search of autistics born during this time frame. The UPI series on autism by Dan Olmstead finds: Very little, if any, autism in the unvaccinated Amish! Healthfirst, a Chicago Clinic that does not vaccinate in the first year of birth reports no autistic children born since 1985 from a population of about 35,000 children. The dramatic increase in autism in China following the end of the cold war and the importation of Western vaccines (Evidence of Harm by David Kirby).
Other Considerations
CRITICAL EXCLUSIONS
THE CDC IGNORING OF THE EARLY REPORT BY REPORTER DAN OLMSTEAD OF A GREATLY DECREASED RATE OF AUTISM IN THE NON-VACCINATED AMISH POPULATION IS CRIMINAL! THERE IS NO RATIONAL EXPLANATION OF THIS EXCEPT TO PUSH FOR RESEARCH IN OTHER AREAS (GENETICS) TO AVOID FINDING THE POSSIBLE NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE CDC MANDATED VACCINE PROGRAMS. About $25 million has recently been spent to find the “genetic cause of autism” without
• Done in Paris, France (since the 2004 IOM committee recommended NIH not fund thimerosal studies) in a large autism clinic. • Investigated porphyrin profiles in autistic versus normal children because these profiles are the best indicator for heavy metal toxicity, especially mercury toxicity. • Found porphyrin profiles that indicated 53% of autistic children surveyed were mercury toxic. • Reversed toxic porphyrin profiles by treating autistics with a mercury chelator. Therefore, the cause was not genetic, but mercury toxicity. • Supporting data from Norway has been reported. • Dr. Robert Natal and Dr. Richard Lathe were the lead researchers in this work published in the International J. Toxicology 2006.
THE SMOKING GUN STUDY
• Porphyrins are a class of compounds that lead to the synthesis of heme, the iron binding red compound of hemoglobin that binds oxygen and aids in delivery to cells, where it is used in the mitochondria to help make energy (ATP). Lack of heme or hemoglobin leads to a very pale complexion (ever notice the complexion of autistic children?) • Heme has other biological uses. It is in the electron transport pathway that makes ATP. A shortage of heme would prevent adequate energy production. • Heme is needed for active P450 enzymes, the enzymes that modify organic toxins and aid in removing them from the body. • Heme is needed to remove amyloid protein from human brain to prevent production of amyloid or senile plaques as identified with Alzheimer’s diseased brain.
WHAT ARE PORPHYRINS?
WHY DMSA/DMPS ARE NOT REAL CHELATORS EVEN THOUGH THEY DO REMOVE MERCURY.
/-S-Hg-S-/
OH C O O C OH CH CH SH
OH
Hg2+
SH
x
C O O C OH CH CH
S Hg S
MUST BE LINEAR AND IT CANNOT BE WITH –SH GROUPS ON ADJACENT CARBONS.
DMSA
WHAT FORMS IS THE EQUIVALENT OF DMSA-S-Hg-S-DMSA OR DMSA-Hg-CYSTEINE TYPE LINKAGES.
DMSA & DMPS WERE DEVELOPED IN THE 1940s!
Antioxidant Chelating Agents
O NH HN
O
O NH
N HN
O
R-S-Hg-S-R
SH
linear
HS
SH
HS
Water insoluble, but lipid soluble, coupling with glutathione makes this compound water soluble.
Benzene bis-amido bis-thiol
Pyridine bis-amido bis-thiol
Glutathione derivative of Functionalized Mercury Chelating Agents
O O NH HO S NH S NH2 O O O O NH HN S H2N O O OH S NH O HN O
O
O
O
HO
H3C
CH3
OH
O
Note: Molecule would be charged and water soluble at pH 7.4. Glutathione
Very water soluble
Glutathione
Antioxidant Properties
•When Hg2+ is bound to CT-01 it takes treatment with 239oC to effect its release. •Treatment of the CT-01-Hg complex with aqueous solutions of pH 2.0 to 12.0 did not cause release of Hg2+. •CT-01, when added to aqueous Hg2+ solutions forms a precipitate that is water insoluble but soluble in certain organic solutions. •I think it is unlikely that Hg2+ bound to CT-01 would ever be released in the human body.
Both contain acidic groups that are charged at physiological pHs.
Na
.
O OH OH
HS SH
SO 3H
HS
HS O
DMPS
DMSA
New Antioxidant Partitioning Concept
• Most available antioxidants are water soluble because they carry ionic charges. DMPS, DMSA, glutathione, and Se2are all charged. Therefore, they are not efficient at removing Hg2+ or hydroxyl radicals that are located in fatty (hydrophobic) environments or inside of cells. • Most toxin generated reactive oxygen species (ROSs) in the body are not available to DMPS, etc. for binding as they are intracellular or in hydrophobic locations. • The new antioxidants release a very effective antioxidant chelator that enters hydrophobic areas. Entering the hydrophobic regions increases the time in the body enhancing the treatment capability.
Toxicity Study of Lipid Soluble Antioxidant
• • • • • Group Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Total A 0 0 0 0 0 B 100 200 300 600 C 200 300 400 900 1,500 D 300 400 500 1,200 1,500
• Test 4
• Procedure: Rats were injected under the skin in the stomach area with compound to the amount in μMoles/kg body weight. Three days pause was between each treatment. • Result: No toxicity or weight loss was observed.
Protection Against Mercury Induced Oxidative Stress
• Rats given a lethal dose of Hg2+ died within 3 days exhibiting head tremors and convulsions before death. • Rats similarly injected with Hg2+ but 20 minutes later given the new chelator did not show any signs of toxicity except to drink more water and appear slightly less energetic for two days. They fully recovered and were quite active after 5 months. No signs of tumors, etc. • A FDA certified toxicology laboratory has confirmed that the new chelator is not toxic at 5grams/kg body weight, the highest testing level! Nor did mice given 1.0g/kg body weight for 28 straight days demonstrate any toxic effects. • This research is being done for the purpose of obtaining FDA approval for these new antioxidants.
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Conclusions
Mercury is released from dental amalgams at levels that greatly exceed the “estimated” values of amalgam defenders. Mercury collects in heart tissue of IDCM subjects at incredibly high levels—yet this is ignored by the medical and dental community. After 2 years exposure children, especially boys, lose the ability to excrete mercury via urine. This is due to the retention toxic properties of Hg. Hg2+ is exceptionally neurotoxic and inhibits the properties of enzymes known to be inhibited in Alzheimer’s diseased brain when added directly to human brain homogenates or in rats exposed to mercury vapor. Water in which amalgams have been soaked inhibit the same enzymes known to be inactive in Alzheimer’s diseased brain. The relative risk of APO-E genotypes can be explained by the ability of the various APO-E forms to bind mercury in the CSF. Mercury reacts with the known toxins of anaerobic infections to produce very toxic organic mercury compounds. Periodontal disease is highly correlated with numerous systemic illnesses. MMP, an enzyme whose activation is associated with numerous disease progressions, is activated by mercury. So is phospholipase-D. Mercury products, like dental amalgam, due to their release of toxic mercury and proven exacerbation of disease effects have no place in modern dentistry or medicine.